{"id":81624,"date":"2025-07-25T10:06:55","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T07:06:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=81624"},"modified":"2025-07-25T10:06:55","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T07:06:55","slug":"cercetatorii-uaic-cauta-un-potential-tratament-pentru-alzheimer-in-deseurile-de-tutun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=81624","title":{"rendered":"Cercet\u0103torii UAIC caut\u0103 un poten\u021bial tratament pentru Alzheimer \u00een de\u0219eurile de tutun"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Cercet\u0103torii de la Facultatea de Biologie a Universit\u0103\u021bii \u201eAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d din Ia\u0219i (UAIC) au dezvoltat o metod\u0103 de transformare a de\u0219eurilor toxice de tutun \u00eentr-un compus cu poten\u021bial \u00een tratarea bolii Alzheimer. Folosind o bacterie din natur\u0103, echipa converte\u0219te de\u0219eurile contaminate cu nicotin\u0103 \u00eentr-o substan\u021b\u0103 care a demonstrat efecte benefice asupra memoriei \u0219i func\u021biei cerebrale \u00een studiile preliminare de laborator pe animale.<\/p>\n

Cercetarea, coordonat\u0103 de prof. univ. dr. Marius Mih\u0103\u0219an, ar putea contribui at\u00e2t la reducerea de\u0219eurilor toxice din industria tutunului, c\u00e2t \u0219i la g\u0103sirea unor noi tratamente pentru bolile care afecteaz\u0103 sistemul nervos.<\/p>\n

\u201eStudiem cum am putea s\u0103 elimin\u0103m un de\u0219eu toxic \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eel convertim \u00eentr-un compus care ar putea ajuta la combaterea uneia dintre cele mai provocatoare boli ale umanit\u0103\u021bii,\u201d explic\u0103 profesorul Mih\u0103\u0219an. \u201eBacteria pe care o folosim poate procesa de\u0219eurile de nicotin\u0103 \u0219i produce un compus numit 6-hidroxi-L-nicotina, ce are propriet\u0103\u021bi terapeutice \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2ne mai mult timp \u00een organism, av\u00e2nd poten\u021bialul de a oferi beneficii mai sus\u021binute.\u201d<\/p>\n

Industria tutunului produce cantit\u0103\u021bi mari de de\u0219euri contaminate \u00een fiecare an. Substan\u021bele toxice intr\u0103 \u00een sol \u0219i ap\u0103 nu doar de la \u021big\u0103rile neterminate, ci \u0219i \u00een urma procesului industrial prin care sunt produse. De\u0219eurile pot contamina at\u00e2t p\u00e2nza freatic\u0103, c\u00e2t \u0219i solul, av\u00e2nd efecte negative asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii umane.<\/p>\n

Pentru a gestiona acest pericol de s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103, cercet\u0103torii UAIC au apelat la un inamic natural al nicotinei: o bacterie din sol numit\u0103 Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans ATCC 49919, care se hr\u0103ne\u0219te cu nicotin\u0103 \u0219i produce o substan\u021b\u0103 care seam\u0103n\u0103 cu aceasta, dar are efecte benefice mai puternice.<\/p>\n

\u201ePrimul avantaj ar fi c\u0103 decontamin\u0103m mediul\u201d, explic\u0103 prof. univ. dr. Lucian Hri\u021bcu, expert \u00een neurobiologie de la aceea\u0219i facultate \u0219i co-autor al studiilor. \u201eC\u00e2nd punem aceast\u0103 bacterie pe terenul impregnat cu nicotin\u0103, aceasta \u00eel va depolua. \u00cen al doilea r\u00e2nd, bacteria care consum\u0103 nicotina poate s\u0103 produc\u0103 un compus care s\u0103 ajute \u0219i la s\u0103n\u0103tatea uman\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n

Compusul produs prin acest proces bacterian natural, 6-hidroxi-L-nicotina (6HLN), a oferit c\u00e2teva rezultate promi\u021b\u0103toare \u00een studiile de laborator legate de boala Alzheimer \u0219i alte afec\u021biuni neurodegenerative. Boala Alzheimer afecteaz\u0103 peste 50 de milioane de oameni la nivel mondial prin pierderea memoriei, declinul cognitiv \u0219i moartea celulelor cerebrale. Tratamentele actuale ofer\u0103 beneficii limitate \u0219i provoac\u0103 deseori efecte secundare. Comunitatea medical\u0103 este \u00een c\u0103utarea at\u00e2t a cauzei bolii, c\u00e2t \u0219i a unor tratamente mai eficiente pentru simptomele acesteia. O solu\u021bie ar putea fi substan\u021ba studiat\u0103 la UAIC.<\/p>\n

\u201eNicotina este toxic\u0103 \u0219i creeaz\u0103 dependen\u021b\u0103, dar are \u0219i propriet\u0103\u021bi pozitive: poate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi cogni\u021bia, memoria, aten\u021bia, \u00een special la persoanele v\u00e2rstnice. Noi am sperat ca 6HLN s\u0103 p\u0103streze efectele benefice ale acesteia \u0219i s\u0103 le omit\u0103 pe cele adverse,\u201d explic\u0103 prof. Hri\u021bcu.<\/p>\n

Simul\u0103rile pe computer \u0219i studiile pe animale conduse de cercet\u0103torul R\u0103zvan \u0218tefan Boiangiu \u00een timpul doctoratului s\u0103u au confirmat aceast\u0103 ipotez\u0103. \u201eRezultatele noastre au ar\u0103tat c\u0103, datorit\u0103 unei mici modific\u0103ri fa\u021b\u0103 de structura nicotinei, substan\u021ba nou\u0103 se ata\u0219eaz\u0103 mai puternic la un receptor specific din creier. Acest lucru sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 ar putea s\u0103 determine un efect identic cu cel al nicotinei, dar ar putea s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 cogni\u021bia \u00een m\u0103sur\u0103 mai mare,\u201d sus\u021bine Boiangiu.<\/p>\n

Substan\u021ba a fost testat\u0103 at\u00e2t pe \u0219obolani \u0219i pe\u0219ti s\u0103n\u0103to\u0219i, c\u00e2t \u0219i pe animale c\u0103rora le-au fost induse c\u00e2teva simptome ale bolii Alzheimer, incluz\u00e2nd demen\u021ba. Ulterior, au fost analizate \u0219i probe din \u021besutul cerebral al acestora pentru a m\u0103sura cum a fost afectat\u0103 deteriorarea celulelor. Substan\u021ba produs\u0103 de bacterie, 6HLN, a avut rezultate superioare fa\u021b\u0103 de nicotin\u0103.<\/p>\n

Conform evalu\u0103rilor cercet\u0103torilor UAIC, substan\u021ba a ar\u0103tat \u00een studiile preliminare pe animale poten\u021bialul de a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi memoria pe termen scurt, de a reduce comportamentele de tip anxios \u0219i depresiv, de a diminua degradarea celulelor creierului, de a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi mecanismele de protec\u021bie ale \u021besutului cerebral \u0219i de a optimiza func\u021bia cognitiv\u0103. De asemenea, \u00een studiile de p\u00e2n\u0103 acum exist\u0103 indicii c\u0103 substan\u021ba ar fi mai bine tolerat\u0103 \u0219i ar afecta creierul mai pu\u021bin. \u201ePoten\u021bialele efecte negative trebuie \u00eens\u0103 studiate mai bine\u201d, avertizeaz\u0103 profesorul Marius Mih\u0103\u0219an.<\/p>\n

Echipa a descifrat ADN-ul complet al bacteriei Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans ATCC 49919, pentru a \u00een\u021belege mai bine cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 procesul natural de conversie al nicotinei la nivelul moleculei \u0219i chiar s\u0103 o modifice s\u0103 produc\u0103 mai mult\u0103 substan\u021b\u0103 util\u0103 \u2013 6HLN. Cercet\u0103torii UAIC acum pot ob\u021bine aceast\u0103 substan\u021b\u0103 \u00een laborator, printr-o metod\u0103 ecologic\u0103, ce folose\u0219te bacteria modificat\u0103. Echipa este \u00een c\u0103utarea unor parteneri din industrie interesa\u021bi de colaborare, pentru a transforma aceast\u0103 cercetare la nivel fundamental \u00eentr-un produs ce poate ajuta societatea.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cercet\u0103torii de la Facultatea de Biologie a Universit\u0103\u021bii \u201eAlexandru Ioan Cuza\u201d din Ia\u0219i (UAIC) au… more »<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":81625,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,41],"tags":[74,15312,3125,40,18169,6648],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81624"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=81624"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81624\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":81626,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/81624\/revisions\/81626"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/81625"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=81624"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=81624"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=81624"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}