{"id":2414,"date":"2012-10-22T12:59:04","date_gmt":"2012-10-22T09:59:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=2414"},"modified":"2012-10-22T12:59:04","modified_gmt":"2012-10-22T09:59:04","slug":"a-crescut-numarul-copiilor-cu-afectiuni-oftalmologice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=2414","title":{"rendered":"A crescut num\u0103rul copiilor cu afec\u021biuni oftalmologice"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a class=\"highslide\" onclick=\"return vz.expand(this)\" href=\"http:\/\/infois.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2012\/10\/consult-oftalmologic-copil.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-large wp-image-2415\" title=\"consult oftalmologic copil\" src=\"http:\/\/infois.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/cache\/2012\/10\/consult-oftalmologic-copil\/1785400110.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"777\" \/><\/a>La doar o lun\u0103 de la \u00eenceperea \u0219colii, num\u0103rul consulta\u021biilor oftalmologice pentru copii a crescut semnificativ. Din acest motiv, spaciali\u0219tii atrag aten\u021bia p\u0103rin\u021bilor ca \u00een momentul \u00een care ochii copiilor sunt ro\u0219ii, iar ace\u0219tia acuz\u0103 dureri de cap, s\u0103 se adrese imediat medicului oftalmolog. \u201dControlul oftalmologic va eviden\u021bia cel mai frecvent o eroare de refrac\u021bie de tipul miopie, hipermetropie sau astigmatism. Mult mai grav este atunci c\u00e2nd copilul prezint\u0103 o diferen\u021b\u0103 mare de refrac\u021bie \u00eentre cei doi ochi, care va determina sc\u0103derea vederii la ochiul cu dioptri mai mare, fenomen numit ambliopie sau cunoscut popular ca ochi lene\u0219\u201d,<em> <\/em>a declarat conf. dr. Camelia-Margareta Bogd\u0103nici, medic primar oftalmolog \u00een cadrul Spitalului Clinic de Urgen\u021b\u0103 \u201dSf\u00e2ntul Spiridon\u201d Ia\u0219i. Sc\u0103derea acuit\u0103\u0163ii vizuale la copil reprezint\u0103 o piedic\u0103 major\u0103 \u00een educa\u0163ia \u015fi viitorul acestuia, dar \u00een acela\u015fi timp \u00een dezvoltarea normal\u0103 a unei societ\u0103\u0163i. \u201e\u00cen copil\u0103rie, vederea asigur\u0103 circa 80% din procesul de \u00eenv\u0103\u0163are \u015fi de aceea depistarea afec\u0163iunilor oftalmologice care determin\u0103 sc\u0103derea vederii este esen\u0163ial\u0103. Un copil din 20 de pre\u015fcolari prezint\u0103 o tulburare de vedere\u201d, a ad\u0103ugat conf. dr. Camelia-Margareta Bogd\u0103nici . \u00a0Atunci c\u00e2nd exist\u0103 o ambliopie unilateral\u0103, cauzele cele mai frecvente ar putea fi strabismul (devia\u0163ia ochilor) sau anizometropiile (refrac\u0163ie cu diferen\u0163e mari \u00eentre ochi). O diferen\u0163\u0103 de 1,5 dioptrii \u00eentre cei doi ochi \u00eentr-o hipermetropie poate determina ambliopie. O diferen\u0163\u0103 de 0,75 &#8211; 1 dioptrii \u00een astigmatism va determina, de asemenea, ambliopie. Dac\u0103 exist\u0103 o ambliopie bilateral\u0103 cauzele cele mai frecvente vor fi nistagmusul sau ametropiile (miopia, hipermetropia sau astigmatismul) necorectate. \u201dCu c\u00e2t depist\u0103m bolile oculare mai precoce cu at\u00e2t succesul terapeutic va fi mai mare. O examinare simpl\u0103 oftalmologic\u0103 poate elimina peste 50% din persoanele cu vedere sc\u0103zut\u0103. De aceea, studiul epidemiologiei tulbur\u0103rilor de vedere \u00een r\u00e2ndul copiilor are o importan\u0163\u0103 deosebit\u0103 pentru sensibilizarea autorit\u0103\u0163ilor sanitare cu privire la s\u0103n\u0103tatea public\u0103 din punct de vedere oftalmologic, \u00een scopul implement\u0103rii unui program na\u0163ional de prevenire a ambliopiei\u201d, a precizat conf. dr. Camelia-Margareta Bogd\u0103nici. Este cunoscut rolul benefic al screeningului vizual la copil. ca metod\u0103 de identificare a ambliopiei. Legisla\u0163ia \u0163\u0103rilor puternic dezvoltate economic prevede recomandarea de a se testa prin screening vizual to\u0163i copiii de v\u00e2rst\u0103 pre\u015fcolar\u0103. De altfel, Societatea European\u0103 de Oftalmopediatrie (EUPOS) \u015fi Organiza\u0163ia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii au stabilit strict momentele controlului oftalmologic. Astfel, nou-n\u0103scutului i se verific\u0103 obligator, \u00eenc\u0103 din maternitate, ro\u015ful pupilar, iar copiii cu risc (prematuri, cu istoric de glaucom congenital familiar, de diabet, de retinoblastom) sunt examina\u0163i de oftalmolog \u00eenc\u0103 din primele zile de via\u0163\u0103. La copii cu v\u00e2rste \u00eentre 6 luni \u015fi 1 an se recomand\u0103 practicarea de rutin\u0103 a examenului ro\u015fului pupilar de c\u0103tre medicul de familie (pediatru). Screeningul vizual va fi efectuat obligatoriu la to\u0163i copii \u00eentre 3 ani \u015fi 3\u00bd ani de c\u0103tre medicul de familie, optometrist, personal instruit sau oftalmolog. To\u0163i copii de v\u00e2rst\u0103 \u015fcolar\u0103 vor fi examina\u0163i de oftalmolog \u015fi se vor cerceta totodat\u0103 \u015fi \u201cdefectele de acomodare educa\u0163ional\u0103, \u00a0care pot fi determinate de boli oculare. \u00a0\u201eUnele \u0163\u0103ri au introdus controlul oftalmologic obligatoriu la copil, la v\u00e2rste p\u00e2n\u0103 maxim de 3 ani, p\u0103rin\u0163ii fiind cointeresa\u0163i prin acordarea unor bonifica\u0163ii materiale. Dac\u0103 s-ar depista deficien\u0163ele vizuale precoce, cheltuielile necesare tratamentelor ulterioare (interven\u0163ii multiple, dezambliopizarea etc) ar fi reduse. Calitatea vie\u0163ii pacien\u0163ilor cu ambliopie este redus\u0103: copiii vor avea rezultate \u015fcolare reduse \u0219i pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 modific\u0103ri comportamentale sau sociale\u201d, a afimrat conf. dr. Camelia-Margareta Bogd\u0103nici.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La doar o lun\u0103 de la \u00eenceperea \u0219colii, num\u0103rul consulta\u021biilor oftalmologice pentru copii a crescut&#8230; <a class=\"meta-more\" href=\"https:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=2414\">more <span class=\"meta-nav\">&raquo;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2415,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[41,24],"tags":[74,1033,1030,1032,1031],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2414"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2414"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2417,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2414\/revisions\/2417"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}