{"id":53293,"date":"2021-03-09T08:35:40","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T06:35:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=53293"},"modified":"2021-03-09T08:35:40","modified_gmt":"2021-03-09T06:35:40","slug":"obiecte-de-patrimoniu-mobil-reprezentative-pentru-istoria-stiintei-si-tehnicii-expuse-la-palatul-culturii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/?p=53293","title":{"rendered":"Obiecte de patrimoniu mobil reprezentative pentru istoria \u015ftiin\u0163ei \u015fi tehnicii, expuse la Palatul Culturii"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Complexul Muzeal Na\u0163ional \u201eMoldova\u201d Ia\u015fi propune publicului, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din luna martie, un nou proiect, intitulat \u201ePiese de referin\u021b\u0103 tehnic\u0103 \u00een colec\u021biile Muzeului \u015etiin\u021bei \u015fi Tehnicii \u00ab\u015etefan Procopiu\u00bb\u201d. Demersul muzeografic aduce \u00een centrul aten\u021biei obiecte de patrimoniu mobil reprezentative pentru istoria \u015ftiin\u0163ei \u015fi tehnicii, conservate \u00een patrimoniul muzeului ie\u0219ean. Seria prezent\u0103rilor \u00eencepe cu un exponat din sfera de interes a aparatelor de uz casnic: Ma\u0219ina de cusut \u201eWertheim\u201d. Cusutul manual este o \u00eendeletnicire uman\u0103 veche de peste 20.000 de ani, care, nu de pu\u021bine ori \u00een istorie, a \u00eenflorit ca form\u0103 de art\u0103. Primele ace de cusut erau f\u0103cute din oase sau coarne de animale, iar primul fir era realizat din tendinele animalelor. Acele din fier au fost inventate \u00een secolul al XIV-lea, iar primele ace cu ureche pentru fir (la cap\u0103tul opus v\u00e2rfului) au ap\u0103rut \u00een secolul al XV-lea. De-a lungul timpului, inventatori, tehnicieni \u0219i artizani au \u00eencercat s\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021beasc\u0103 tehnica asambl\u0103rii prin fir a pieilor \u0219i \u021bes\u0103turilor, efort concretizat prin apari\u021bia ma\u0219inii de cusut. Primul mecanism pe deplin func\u021bional a fost inventat \u00een 1830, de croitorul francez Barthelemy Thimonnier, ce utiliza un singur fir \u0219i un ac cu c\u00e2rlig, care genera aceea\u0219i cus\u0103tur\u0103 de lan\u021b folosit\u0103 la broderiile realizate p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci manual. De o larg\u0103 popularitate s-a bucurat ulterior ansamblul mecanic de mi\u0219care \u00een sus \u0219i \u00een jos a acului cu ureche \u00een v\u00e2rf, inventat de Isaac Singer (1811 \u2013 1875), cel care a construit prima ma\u0219in\u0103 de cusut al c\u0103rei succes comercial a deschis, \u00een 1850, drumul produc\u021biei de mas\u0103. Ma\u0219ina de cusut \u201eWertheim\u201d aflat\u0103 \u00een patrimoniul Muzeului \u0218tiin\u021bei \u0219i Tehnicii \u201e\u0218tefan Procopiu\u201d a fost realizat\u0103 \u00een anul 1920 de compania german\u0103 cu acela\u0219i nume, \u00eenfiin\u021bat\u0103 \u00een 1868 la Frankfurt pe Main (Germania), de Joseph Wertheim (1804 – 1899). Aceast\u0103 ma\u0219in\u0103 utilizeaz\u0103 o suveic\u0103 \u00een form\u0103 de glon\u021b cu bobin\u0103 lung\u0103, care se leag\u0103n\u0103 \u00eenainte \u0219i \u00eenapoi, piesa fiind cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201esuveic\u0103 vibrant\u0103\u201d. \u00cen anul 1869, fabrica Wertheim producea prima ma\u0219in\u0103 sub licen\u021b\u0103 american\u0103, modelul \u201eA\u201d fiind copia direct\u0103 a ma\u0219inii lui Elias Howe Jr. (1819 – 1867). Modelul \u201eB\u201d, sub form\u0103 de vioar\u0103, s-a dezvoltat \u00een perioada 1870 – 1890 \u0219i este identic cu cel al ma\u0219inii \u201eSinger\u201d, model 12, o ma\u0219in\u0103 emblematic\u0103, frumos ornamentat\u0103, al c\u0103rei renume avea s\u0103 devin\u0103 legendar. Tot la Wertheim s-a produs, \u00eentre 1880 \u0219i 1890, ma\u0219ina de cusut model \u201eSuperba S6\u201d, a c\u0103rei produc\u021bie a continuat p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een jurul anului 1915. Sub numele de \u201eWertheim\u201d au fost comercializate o serie de produse precum: ma\u0219ini de cusut, ma\u0219ini de tricotat, dar \u0219i biciclete, piane, ma\u0219ini de sp\u0103lat, c\u0103rucioare pentru bebelu\u0219i. Ma\u0219ina de cusut \u201eWertheim\u201d poate fi admirat\u0103 \u00een perioada 10 martie \u2013 10 mai 2021, \u00een cadrul expozi\u021biei temporare \u201eRetrotehnica\u201d, deschis\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biile Muzeului \u015etiin\u021bei \u015fi Tehnicii \u201e\u015etefan Procopiu\u201d de la Palatul Culturii.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Complexul Muzeal Na\u0163ional \u201eMoldova\u201d Ia\u015fi propune publicului, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din luna martie, un nou proiect, intitulat… more »<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":53294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,41],"tags":[74,14103,803,40,105,11647,6031],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53293"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53293"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53293\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":53295,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53293\/revisions\/53295"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/53294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53293"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53293"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/infois.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53293"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}